Gender Diversity
Key Message

Trans, Two-Spirit and non-binary people have always existed around the world.

Across Turtle Island (colonially known as North America), there have been many examples of gender diversity existing in Indigenous communities.

Two-Spirit is a term used within some Indigenous communities to reflect complex understandings of gender, sexuality, spirituality and social roles within various Indigenous cultures. The terms and roles of Two-Spirit people are specific to each Nation.

Colonization brought strict ideas about gender and gender roles. For some Indigenous people, this has interrupted our knowing that gender diversity has a long history that predates the arrival of settlers from other parts of the world.

Part of reconciliation is to learn, remember and respect Indigenous gender diversity. This respect should be extended to all gender diverse people, no matter their culture.

We know that gender diversity exists around the world and throughout history.

When we see gender diverse people existing all over the world, it helps us understand that gender diversity has a rich history in many different cultures.

Trans and non-binary people exist in societies across the globe — and they often serve important roles in their communities and cultures. These histories are present on every continent, and in some cases, records of trans, Two-Spirit and non-binary people date back millennia.

The histories of trans and non-binary people across cultures continue to be discovered and understood in new ways. Though some terms we now use to refer to gender diversity are relatively new, these identities and experiences are not.

“One thing that really comes up when it comes to the intergenerational piece is a misconception that transness and queerness is not an Indigenous way. It’s a misconception that is a result of colonization, and it causes a resistance to any information about our teachings that predate colonization by centuries.”

— Indigenous youth on how gender diversity isn’t new or a western concept

“I learned about the Myth of Ishtar, goddess of fertility and war. Her husband died and she took his place in the Underworld. To free her, the gods created Asushunamir, a non-binary person who was neither a man nor a woman, to go into the Underworld to rescue her. This is a story for the earliest recorded civilization.”

— TTNB youth on the presence of gender diversity in cultures across time

Hear More Personal Stories

Hear from people with direct experience about unique gender journeys and experiences of being trans, Two-Spirit and non-binary.
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Chief Robert Joseph, Indigenous Community Leader

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Elder Barbara, Indigenous Community Leader

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